244 lines
7.0 KiB
Markdown
244 lines
7.0 KiB
Markdown
# 服务器运行与维护常用命令
|
||
|
||
## 初始化
|
||
|
||
Maria:
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
git config --global credential.helper store && git clone https://github.com/cattomgithub/maria.git
|
||
|
||
cd maria/script && chmod +x *.sh && ./maria.sh
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 修改 SSH 配置
|
||
|
||
首先，启动 SSH 服务:
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
sudo systemctl enable ssh && sudo systemctl restart ssh && sudo systemctl status ssh
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
接着，生成并配置 SSH 密钥。进入 CatTomServer3-1 的终端，然后执行:
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
ssh-keygen -m PEM -t rsa -b 4096 -C "[username]@[server_ip]" -f ~/.ssh/[server_name]
|
||
|
||
ssh-copy-id -p 25800 -i /home/cattom/.ssh/[server_name].pub root@[server_ip]
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
最后，修改 `/etc/ssh/sshd_config`:
|
||
|
||
- Port 22 → **Port 25800**
|
||
- PermitRootLogin **prohibit-password** (取消该行注释)
|
||
- PasswordAuthentication yes → PasswordAuthentication **no**
|
||
- (可选) PubkeyAuthentication **yes**
|
||
|
||
重启 SSH 服务以刷新配置: `sudo systemctl restart ssh`
|
||
|
||
## 恢复备份文件/目录 (可选)
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
cd /root || exit
|
||
wget -c https://cattom.oss-cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com/[server_name]/backup/[file_name].tar.gz
|
||
tar -zxvf [file_name].tar.gz
|
||
sudo rm [file_name].tar.gz
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 安装业务程序 (按需安装)
|
||
|
||
### Traefik
|
||
|
||
请到 [Releases - traefik/traefik](https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/latest) 检查最新版本。
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
mkdir /root/traefik
|
||
cd /root/traefik || exit
|
||
|
||
touch acme.json && chmod 600 acme.json
|
||
|
||
wget -c [link]
|
||
tar -zxvf [file_name] && rm [file_name] LICENSE.md CHANGELOG.md && mv traefik /usr/local/bin/traefik
|
||
|
||
ln -s /root/maria/config/traefik/static.yaml /root/traefik/static.yaml
|
||
ln -s /root/maria/config/${SERVER}/traefik.yaml /root/traefik/dynamic.yaml
|
||
|
||
ln -s /root/maria/config/systemd/traefik.service /etc/systemd/system/traefik.service && sudo systemctl daemon-reload
|
||
sudo systemctl enable traefik.service && sudo systemctl restart traefik.service
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 阿里云 CLI
|
||
|
||
**注意: 请到 [RAM 访问控制](https://ram.console.aliyun.com/) 按照业务需求生成 AccessKey.**
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
cd /root || exit
|
||
|
||
/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://aliyuncli.alicdn.com/install.sh)"
|
||
|
||
aliyun configure set --profile profile1 --mode AK --access-key-id [AccessKeyID] --access-key-secret [AccessKeySecret] --region "cn-shenzhen"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
阿里云 CLI 现已集成 ossutil，示例:
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# Example 1
|
||
aliyun ossutil sync /root/backup/ oss://cattom/${SERVER}/backup/ --force --update --delete -e oss-cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com
|
||
# Example 2
|
||
aliyun ossutil sync /root/blog/site oss://cattom-blog --force --update --delete --region cn-hongkong
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Flexget
|
||
|
||
安装 Flexget:
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
cd /root || exit
|
||
sudo apt -y install python3 python3-full python3-pip python3.12-venv
|
||
python3 -m venv /root/flexget/
|
||
/root/flexget/bin/pip install --upgrade pip setuptools
|
||
/root/flexget/bin/pip install flexget
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
测试配置并启动后台进程:
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
sudo ln -s /root/maria/config/flexget/config.yml /root/flexget/config.yml
|
||
/root/flexget/bin/flexget -c /root/flexget/config.yml --test execute
|
||
/root/flexget/bin/flexget -c /root/flexget/config.yml daemon start -d --autoreload-config
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
设置开机自启动:
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
(
|
||
crontab -u $(whoami) -l
|
||
echo "@reboot /root/flexget/bin/flexget -c /root/flexget/config.yml daemon start -d --autoreload-config"
|
||
) | crontab -u $(whoami) -
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
配置 alias:
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
echo 'alias flexget="/root/flexget/bin/flexget -c /root/flexget/config.yml"' >> /root/.bashrc
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 配置防火墙
|
||
|
||
!!! warning "注意"
|
||
|
||
所有经由 Tailscale 的连接都不需要在 UFW 中放行。
|
||
|
||
所有在 Docker Compose 文件中没有定义特定监听地址的端口都不需要在 UFW 中放行。
|
||
|
||
Maria 非标端口开放表:
|
||
|
||
| 服务器 | 端口 | 来源IP/IP段 | 目标IP/IP段 | 协议 | 备注 |
|
||
| :----: | :---: | :---------: | :---------: | :---: | :-----------: |
|
||
| 2 | 7100 | / | / | / | Frps 监听端口 |
|
||
| 2 | 18080 | 127.0.0.1 | / | / | Bitwarden |
|
||
| 2 | 5230 | 127.0.0.1 | / | / | Memos |
|
||
| 2 | 3002 | 127.0.0.1 | / | / | Homepage |
|
||
| 2 | 3100 | 127.0.0.1 | / | / | Gitea |
|
||
| 2 | 25801 | 127.0.0.1 | / | / | Gitea SSH |
|
||
|
||
| 服务器 | 端口 | 来源IP/IP段 | 目标IP/IP段 | 协议 | 备注 |
|
||
| :----: | :---: | :-----------: | :---------: | :---: | :---------------: |
|
||
| 3 | 6800 | 127.0.0.1 | / | / | Aria2 RPC |
|
||
| 3 | 6888 | / | / | / | Aria2 BT |
|
||
| 3 | 6888 | / | / | UDP | Aria2 BT |
|
||
| 3 | 9100 | 100.64.0.0/10 | / | / | Node Exporter [^1] |
|
||
|
||
[^1]: 服务器3的 Prometheus 处于容器内，而 Node Exporter 处于宿主机，必须保留该规则以保持二者连通。
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 重置防火墙
|
||
sudo ufw reset
|
||
# 添加默认条件
|
||
sudo ufw default allow outgoing # 默认允许所有数据出站
|
||
sudo ufw default deny incoming # 默认禁止所有数据入站
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# SSH
|
||
sudo ufw allow 25800
|
||
# Web
|
||
sudo ufw allow 80 && sudo ufw allow 443
|
||
|
||
# Example 1
|
||
sudo ufw allow 7100
|
||
# Example 2
|
||
sudo ufw allow from 127.0.0.1 to any port 18080
|
||
# Example 3
|
||
sudo ufw allow 6888/udp
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 启用日志
|
||
sudo ufw logging medium
|
||
# 列出端口开放情况
|
||
sudo ufw status numbered
|
||
# 启用防火墙
|
||
sudo ufw enable
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 加载 Docker 容器
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
sudo docker compose -f /root/maria/config/"${SERVER}"/docker-compose.yml pull
|
||
sudo docker compose -f /root/maria/config/"${SERVER}"/docker-compose.yml up -d --remove-orphans
|
||
sudo docker system prune -f
|
||
# 可选
|
||
sudo systemctl restart traefik
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 配置自动备份 (可选)
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
(
|
||
crontab -u $(whoami) -l
|
||
echo "0 6 * * * /root/maria/script/backup.sh"
|
||
) | crontab -u $(whoami) -
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 进入 Docker 容器的终端
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
sudo docker exec -it [container_name] /bin/bash
|
||
# Or
|
||
sudo docker exec -it [container_name] /bin/sh
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 配置 SSH Action
|
||
|
||
### GitHub Actions
|
||
|
||
[cattomgithub/maria - Settings - Secrets - Actions](https://github.com/cattomgithub/maria/settings/secrets/actions)
|
||
|
||
- SSH_HOSTS: foo,bar
|
||
|
||
服务器需配置 GitHub Actions Key，进入 CatTomServer3-1 的终端，执行:
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
ssh-copy-id -f -p 25800 -i /home/cattom/.ssh/maria-github-actions-key.pub [server_id]
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
[Ref: 用于 GitHub Actions 的 SSH](https://github.com/appleboy/ssh-action/blob/master/README.zh-cn.md)
|
||
|
||
## NFS 配置
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# Install
|
||
sudo apt -y update && sudo apt -y install nfs-kernel-server nfs-common
|
||
# Modify firewall on host
|
||
sudo ufw allow from [client_ip] to any port nfs
|
||
# Create mount point on client
|
||
sudo mkdir -p [/path/on/client]
|
||
# Mount directories on client
|
||
sudo mount [host_ip]:[/path/on/host] [/path/on/client]
|
||
# Check stats on client
|
||
sudo df -h
|
||
# Mount the directories at boot
|
||
sudo echo "[host_ip]:[/path/on/host] [/path/on/client] nfs auto,nofail,noatime,nolock,intr,tcp,actimeo=1800 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
|
||
# Unmount NFS
|
||
sudo umount [/path/on/client]
|
||
``` |